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NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF EARTHING

  • Human and Personnel safety.
  • Equipment protection.
  • Provides low impedance path for fault currents.
  • Protection against lightning and transient currents.

RESISTANCE TO EARTH

The earthing resistance of an electrode is made up of :

R1: resistance of the electrode

R2: contact resistance between the electrode and the compound

R3: resistance of the soil ( soil resistivity ) from the electrode surface outward in the geometry set up for the flow of current outward from the electrode to infinite earth.

R4: contact resistance between the compound and the soil.

R5: soil resistivity in Ohm Mtr.

The first two factors are very small fractions of an ohm and can be neglected for all practical purposes. The soil resistivity plays an important role in deciding the earth resistance value.

ARTIFICIAL TREATMENT OF SOIL

Multiple electrodes even in large number, may sometime fail to produce an adequately low resistance to earth. This is generally witnessed in areas where the soil is resistivity is too high. An alternative is to reduce the resistivity of the soil, in the layers adjacent to the earth electrode. As per IS 3043 : 2018 earth enhancement materials some with a resistivity of less than 0.12 Ohm Mtr are typically paced around the rod in an augured hole in either a dry form or premixed in a slurry. Some of these enhancement materials are permanent and will not leach any chemicals into the ground.

EARTH ELECTRODES

Copper Bonded / Coated Earth Rods

  • Made of high tensile low carbon steel circular rods .
  • Molecularly bonded with copper on outer surface as per IEC 62561.
  • High mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and cost effectiveness

ELTECH® offers different variants of copper bonded / coated steel earth rods which are manufactured to meet the National & International Standards

ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND

ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND is specifically designed and developed to meet the requirements of almost all types of earthing applications. Backfill compound is electrically conductive superior nano carbon based conductive ground enhancement material used to enhance the effectiveness of the earth to achieve durable, stable and low resistance performing earthing solutions for different terrains of soil and difficult grounding conditions. ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND conducts electrically as in metals, through the movement of electrons. ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND does not need moisture for conduction.

 

The lower the soil resistivity, lower is the earth resistance and higher is the corrosion. The higher the soil resistivity, higher is the earth resistance and lower is the corrosion.

 

Therefore a good earthing system should ensure a balance between low resistance value and low corrosion. ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND is one of the most suitable material for treatment of soil adjanacent to the earth electrode.

SAILENT FEATURES OF ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND

  • Offers a stable grounding system.
  • Positive low resistance electrical connection to the earth
  • Will not leach / diffuse into the ground
  • Does not contain any hazardous chemicals
  • Can be Installed in dry form and slurry form
  • Electrically conductive

BRIEF INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

  • Auger a 3 inch (75 mm) or 4 inch (100 mm) bore up to a depth of 9 feet.
  • Place the ELTECH® copper bonded rod into the augured hole with the lower end centered.
  • For Rocky and hard soil surface, the bore can be augured to a depth of 10 feet and fresh soil should be filled up to a depth of 1 feet .
  • Mix half bag of ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND ground enhancement material with 5 to 6 litres of water and pour it to the bore.
  • Pour remaining half bag of the ELTECH® BACKFILL COMPOUND with 5 to 6 litres of water after 10 minutes and allow it to settle for at least one hour .
  • Fill the remaining augured hole with the fresh soil except for the top 6 inch of the electrode.
  • The earth pit should not be disturbed for minimum 2 days.